Structure
Basic Information
MAC: 2.11
MAC-BAR: 3
ED₉₅: 2.97 2
MAC-Awake: 0.8
Metabolism %: 2 - 51
Vapor Pressure: 1601
Age related MAC Values1
| Age | MAC | MAC + 60%Nâ‚‚O |
|---|---|---|
| < 1 mo | 3.3% | |
| 1 - < 6 mo | 3.0% | |
| 6 mo - 3 yr | 2.8% | 2.0% |
| 3 - 12 | 2.5% | |
| 25 | 2.6% | 1.4% |
| 40 | 2.1% | 1,1% |
| 60 | 1.7% | 0.9% |
| 80 | 1.4% | 0.7% |
Additional Info
- MH Trigger
- Inhalational anesthetic of choice for mask induction
- Sinoatrial node discharge rate is slowed and conduction in the His-Purkinje system is prolonged (prolonged QT interval
- ↑ RR, bronchodilation
- ↓ TV, MV
- Dose dependent depression of the ventilatory response to hypercarbia and hypoxia
- ↓ ciliary movement and altered mucus characteristics
- Dose dependent effect on skeletal muscle relaxation
- Potentiates the action of neuromuscular blockers (greatest with myasthenia gravis)
- In the presence of a dessicated COâ‚‚ absorber exothermic reaction with volatile anesthetics can lead to fire and/or carbon monoxide formation.
- Sevoflurane breaks down in some CO₂ absorbers to Compound A. For these CO₂ absorbers the manufacturer recommends flow rates of 1-2 lpm for up to 2 MAC hours and 2 lpm thereafter.[^1] Compound A formed from this process has not been shown to be clinically significant. See Drägersorb Free for an example of an absorbent that does not form Compound A.
- Most highly metabolized modern inhalational anesthetic. Metabolized into flouride ions with can be nephrotoxic although it has not been shown to be clinically significant in patients without kidney disease.[^1]
- All MAC values can be decreased by co-administered agents (benzodiasepines, opioids, Alpha-2 agonists, etc.)
Takita K, Yamane M, Morimoto Y, Kemmotsu O. The ED(95) of end-tidal sevoflurane concentration for the smooth exchange of the tracheal tube for a laryngeal mask airway is 2.97%. Can J Anaesth. 2003 Feb;50(2):184-8. doi: 10.1007/BF03017854. PMID: 12560312. ↩︎